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Section 7 Oracle Java Fundamental Quiz

Section 7 Quiz
            (Answer all questions in this section)
                                                           
1.         What is encapsulation?           Mark for Review
(1) Points
            A keyword that allows or restricts access to data and methods.
            A programming philosophy that promotes simpler, more efficient coding by using exiting code for new applications.
            A structure that categorizes and organizes relationships among ideas, concepts of things with the most general at the top and the most specific at the bottom.
            A programming philosophy that promotes protecting data and hiding implementation in order to preserve the integrity of data and methods. (*)


2.         Consider creating a class Square that extends the Rectangle class provided below. Knowing that a square always has the same width and length, which of the following best represents a constructor for the Square class?

 Mark for Review
(1) Points
(*)

3.         Which of the following demonstrates the correct way to create an applet Battlefield?        Mark for Review
(1) Points
            public class Applet extends Battlefield{...}
            public class Battlefield extends Applet{...} (*)
            public class Battlefield(Applet){...}
            public Applet Battlefield{...}

4.         What is the Java keyword final used for in a program?         Mark for Review
(1) Points
            It permits access to the class variables and methods from anywhere.
            It restricts a class from being extendable and restricts methods from being overridden. (*)
            It permits redefining methods of a parent class inside the child class, with the same name, parameters, and return type.
            There is no such keyword in Java.
            It terminates the program.

5.         Which of the following are true about abstract methods?      Mark for Review
(1) Points
                                    (Choose all correct answers)  
            They may contain implementation.
            They must be overloaded.
            They must be overridden in a non-abstract subclass. (*)
            They must be declared in an abstract class. (*)
            They cannot have a method body. (*)

6.         Which of the following would be most beneficial for this scenario?

Joe is a college student who has a tendency to lose his books. Replacing them is getting costly. In an attempt to get organized, Joe wants to create a program that will store his textbooks in one group of books, but he wants to make each book type the subject of the book (i.e. MathBook is a book). How could he store these different subject books into a single array?

 Mark for Review
(1) Points
            By overriding the methods of Book.
            Using polymorphism. (*)
            This is not possible. Joe must find another way to collect the books.
            By ignoring the subject type and initializing all the book as objects of type Book.

7.         Consider

public class YourClass{
public YourClass(int i)
{/*code*/}
// more code...}

To instantiate YourClass, what would you write?     Mark for Review
(1) Points
            YourClass y = new YourClass();
            YourClass y = new YourClass(3); (*)
            YourClass y = YourClass(3);
            YourClass y = YourClass();
            None of the above.

8.         The following code creates an object of type Animal:
Animal a;         Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

9.         The basic unit of encapsulation in Java is the primitive data type. True or false?      Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

10.       You can create static class methods inside any Java class. True or false?      Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

11.       Any instance of the same class can assign a new value to a static variable. True or false?    Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

12.       Which of the following access modifiers doesn't work with a static variable?          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            private
            default
            protected
            public
            friendly (*)

13.       Which of the following shows the correct way to initialize a method DolphinTalk that takes in 2 integers, dol1 and dol2, and returns the greater int between the two?          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            int DolphinTalk(dol1, dol2){ if(dol1 > dol2) return dol1; else return dol2;}
            int DolphinTalk(int,int){ if(dol1 > dol2) return dol1; else return dol2;}
            int DolphinTalk(int dol1,int dol2){ if(dol1 > dol2) return dol1; else return dol2;} (*)
            int DolphinTalk, int dol1,int dol2 { if(dol1 > dol2) return dol1; else return dol2;}
            All of the above

14.       Which of the following could be a reason to return an object?          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            Because you wish to be able to use that object inside of the method.
            It has faster performance than returning a primitive type.
            The method makes changes to the object and you wish to continue to use the updated object outside of the method. (*)
            None of the above. It is not possible to return an object.

15.       Which of the following specifies accessibility to variables, methods, and classes?   Mark for Review
(1) Points
            Overload constructors
            Methods
            Parameters
            Access modifiers (*)

1.         A final static variable can change at runtime. True or false?  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

2.         Static classes can have different access specifiers than the parent class. True or false?         Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

3.         Static classes can exist as inner classes. True or false?           Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

4.         Which of the following correctly describes an "is-a" relationship?    Mark for Review
(1) Points
            It restricts access to a specified segment of code.
            A helpful term used to conceptualize the relationships among nodes or leaves in an inheritance hierarchy. (*)
            A programming philosophy that promotes protecting data and hiding implementation in order to preserve the integrity of data and methods.
            A programming philosophy that promotes simpler, more efficient coding by using exiting code for new applications.

5.         Why are hierarchies useful for inheritance?    Mark for Review
(1) Points
            They are used to organize the relationship between a superclass and its subclasses. (*)
            They restrict a superclass to only have one subclass.
            They keep track of where you are in your program.
            They organize constructors and methods in a simplified fashion.

6.         Which of the following correctly describes the use of the keyword super?   Mark for Review
(1) Points
            A keyword that signals the end of a program.
            A keyword that allows subclasses to access methods, data, and constructors from their parent class. (*)
            A keyword that restricts access to only inside the same class.
            A keyword that allows access from anywhere.

7.         What is Polymorphism?          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            A way of redefining methods with the same return type and parameters.
            A way to create multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.
            A class that cannot be initiated.
            The concept that a variable or reference can hold multiple types of objects. (*)

8.         What is the Java keyword final used for in a program?         Mark for Review
(1) Points
            It permits redefining methods of a parent class inside the child class, with the same name, parameters, and return type.
            It permits access to the class variables and methods from anywhere.
            There is no such keyword in Java.
            It restricts a class from being extendable and restricts methods from being overridden. (*)
            It terminates the program.

9.         Identify the correct way to declare an abstract class. Mark for Review
(1) Points
            public class abstract ClassName(...)
            public abstract class ClassName{...} (*)
            public abstract ClassName(...)
            abstract public class ClassName{...}

10.       If the return type from a method is boolean then 2.5 is a valid return value. True or false?  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

11.       The basic unit of encapsulation in Java is the primitive data type. True or false?      Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

12.       Consider:

public class MyClass{
public MyClass()
{/*code*/}
// more code...}

To instantiate MyClass, what would you write?        Mark for Review
(1) Points
            MyClass m = new MyClass;
            MyClass m = MyClass();
            MyClass m = MyClass;
            MyClass m = new MyClass(); (*)

13.       Which of the following can be used as a parameter? Mark for Review
(1) Points
                                    (Choose all correct answers)  
            Strings (*)
            Integers (*)
            Objects (*)

            Constructors
            Arrays (*)

14.       Which segment of code represents a correct way to define a variable argument method?    Mark for Review
(1) Points
            Integer easyArray ... (int elems) {//code}
            String easyArray(String ... elems) {//code} (*)
            String ... easyArray(String elems) {//code}
            String easyArray(... String elems) {//code}

15.       Identify the error(s) in the class below. Choose all that apply
 Mark for Review
(1) Points
            Two methods cannot have the same name.
            Final cannot be used as an access modifier.
            Private cannot be used as an access modifier.
            No method named min is defined. (*)
            The parameters must be the same for all methods with the same name.

1.         Which of the following would be most beneficial for this scenario?

Joe is a college student who has a tendency to lose his books. Replacing them is getting costly. In an attempt to get organized, Joe wants to create a program that will store his textbooks in one group of books, but he wants to make each book type the subject of the book (i.e. MathBook is a book). How could he store these different subject books into a single array?

 Mark for Review
(1) Points
            By ignoring the subject type and initializing all the book as objects of type Book.
            Using polymorphism. (*)
            By overriding the methods of Book.
            This is not possible. Joe must find another way to collect the books.

2.         Abstract classes cannot implement interfaces. True or false? Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

3.         If Oak extends Tree, it is possible to declare an object such that

Tree grandfatherT = new Oak();

True or false?  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

4.         Which segment of code correctly defines a method that contains two objects of class Tree as parameters?     Mark for Review
(1) Points
            void bloom(Tree pine, Tree oak) {//code here } (*)
            Tree bloom (pine, oak) {//code here }
            void bloom, Tree pine, Tree oak {//code here }
            None of the above, objects cannot be passed as parameters.

5.         Consider the following:

There is a method A that calls method B. Method B is a variable argument method.

With this, which of the following are true?    Mark for Review
(1) Points
                                                           
                                    (Choose all correct answers)  
            Method A can invoke method B twice, each time with a different number of arguments. (*)
            A compliler error will result since method B does not know how large an array to create when it is invoked by method A.
            When invoked, method B creates an array to store some or all of the arguments passed to it from method A. (*)
            All of the above.

6.         Which of the following is a possible way to overload constructors? Mark for Review
(1) Points
(*)

7.         Identify the driver class that correctly initializes employees Jane and Brandon. The Employee class is below.

public class Employee {
private String name;
private int age;
private double salary;
public Employee(String n, int a, double s) {
name = n;
age = a;
salary = s;
}
//methods for this class would go here
}          Mark for Review
(1) Points

            public class driver_class {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee Jane = new Employee("Jane", 48, 35.00);
Employee Brandon = new Employee("Brandon", 36, 20.00);
}
} (*)
            public class driver_class {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee("Jane", 48, 35.00);
Employee("Brandon", 36, 20.00);
}
}
            public class driver_class {
public Employee{
Jane = new Employee("Jane", 48, 35.00);
Brandon = new Employee("Brandon", 36, 20.00);
}
}
            public class Employee {
public class driver-class{
Employee Jane = new Employee();
Employee Brandon = new Employee();
}
}

8.         What is wrong with the following class declaration?

class Account{
private int number;
private String name;
public Account;
}          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            There is nothing wrong.
            The constructor method has no definition. (*)
            Classes cannot include mixed data types.
            Classes cannot include strings.

9.         The basic unit of encapsulation in Java is the primitive data type. True or false?      Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

10.       Static methods can return any object type. True or false?      Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

11.       Static classes can extend their parent class. True or false?     Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

12.       Non-final static class variables should be private to prevent changes from other classes. True or false?            Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

13.       What is encapsulation?           Mark for Review
(1) Points
            A programming philosophy that promotes simpler, more efficient coding by using exiting code for new applications.
            A programming philosophy that promotes protecting data and hiding implementation in order to preserve the integrity of data and methods. (*)
            A structure that categorizes and organizes relationships among ideas, concepts of things with the most general at the top and the most specific at the bottom.
            A keyword that allows or restricts access to data and methods.

14.       If a variable in a superclass is private, could it be directly accessed or modified by a subclass? Why or why not?         Mark for Review
(1) Points
            No. Nothing inherited by the super class can be changed in the subclass.
            Yes. Any variable passed through inheritance can be changed, but private methods cannot.
            Yes. A subclass inherits full access to all contents of its super class.
            No. A private variable can only be modified by the same class with which it is declared regardless of its inheritance. (*)

15.       Which of the following demonstrates the correct way to create an applet Battlefield?        Mark for Review
(1) Points
            public class Applet extends Battlefield{...}
            public class Battlefield(Applet){...}
            public Applet Battlefield{...}
            public class Battlefield extends Applet{...} (*)

1.         What keyword is used to inherit a superclass?           Mark for Review
(1) Points
            extends (*)
            public
            this
            new

2.         It is possible to extend a class that already exists in Java, such as the Applet class. True or false?   Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

3.         Why are hierarchies useful for inheritance?    Mark for Review
(1) Points
            They are used to organize the relationship between a superclass and its subclasses. (*)
            They organize constructors and methods in a simplified fashion.
            They keep track of where you are in your program.
            They restrict a superclass to only have one subclass.

4.         Is there a difference between overriding a method and overloading a method?       Mark for Review
(1) Points

            Yes. Overriding is done in the subclass and allows for redefining a method inherited from the superclass and overloading is done within a class and allows for multiple methods with the same name. (*)
            No, they are the same.

            Yes. Overriding is done within a single class and overloading is done through a series of superclasses and their subclasses.

            Yes. Overriding allows for the creation of an array of different object types and overloading restricts an array to only contain the same object types.

5.         It is possible to inherit from an abstract class. True or false? Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

6.         If Sandal extends Shoe, it is possible to declare an object such that

Sandal s = new Shoe();           Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

7.         Static classes are designed as thread safe class instances. True or false?       Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

8.         Static classes can extend any class in their class path. True or false? Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

9.         Static classes can extend their parent class. True or false?     Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

10.       Which segment of code correctly defines a method that contains two objects of class Tree as parameters?     Mark for Review
(1) Points
            void bloom(Tree pine, Tree oak) {//code here } (*)
            Tree bloom (pine, oak) {//code here }
            void bloom, Tree pine, Tree oak {//code here }
            None of the above, objects cannot be passed as parameters.

11.       Which of the following is the correct way to code a method with a return type an object Automobile?            Mark for Review
(1) Points

            Automobile upgrade(String carA){
carA="Turbo";
return carA;
}

            Automobile upgrade(Automobile carA){
carA.setTurbo("yes");
return carA;
} (*)

            String upgrade(String carA){
carA="Turbo";
return carA;
}

            upgrade(Automobile carA) Automobile{
carA.setTurbo("yes");
return carA;
}

            None of the above. It is not possible to return an object.

12.       Choose the correct implementation of a public access modifier for the method divide.       Mark for Review
(1) Points
            divide(int a, int b, public) {return a/b;}
            divide(public int a, public int b) {return a/b;}
            public int divide(int a, int b) {return a/b;} (*)
            divide(int a, int b) {public return a/b;}

13.       Which constructor code populates the instance variables of the class correctly?       Mark for Review
(1) Points
(*)

14.       What value will return for j when the setValue method is called?
 Mark for Review
(1) Points
            10
            31
            32
            11 (*)

15.       What is wrong with the following class declaration?


  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            There is no constructor method and you have to make a constructor method.
            There is nothing wrong. (*)
            Classes cannot include strings.
            Classes cannot include mixed data types.

1.         Which of the following keywords are used to access the instance variables of an object from within the class code for that object?      Mark for Review
(1) Points
            private
            public
            this (*)
            protected

2.         The following code creates an object of type Animal:
Animal a;         Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

3.         What is wrong with the following class declaration?

class Account{
private int number;
private String name;
public Account;
}          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            The constructor method has no definition. (*)
            There is nothing wrong.
            Classes cannot include mixed data types.
            Classes cannot include strings.

4.         Where should the constructor for a superclass be called?      Mark for Review
(1) Points
            The first line of the constructor in the subclass. (*)
            The last line in the constructor of the subclass.
            The super constructor does not need to be called inside the subclass.
            Inside the main method of the subclass.
            Anywhere inside the subclass.

5.         Which of the following is the proper way to set the public variable length of the super class equal to 5 from inside the subclass?        Mark for Review
(1) Points
            super.length() = 5
            super.length(5)
            super.length = 5 (*)
            super(length = 5)

6.         Which of the following correctly describes the use of the keyword super?   Mark for Review
(1) Points
            A keyword that restricts access to only inside the same class.
            A keyword that signals the end of a program.
            A keyword that allows subclasses to access methods, data, and constructors from their parent class. (*)
            A keyword that allows access from anywhere.

7.         Abstract classes can be instantiated. True or false?    Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

8.         Which of the following is a goal of the object model?           Mark for Review
(1) Points
                                                           
                                    (Choose all correct answers)  
            Providing modular code that can be reused by other programs or classes. (*)
            Protecting information and limiting other classes' ability to change or corrupt data. (*)
            Concealing implementation. (*)
            Data abstraction. (*)

9.         Abstract classes cannot implement interfaces. True or false? Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

10.       There is only one copy a static class variable in the JVM. True or false?       Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

11.       A final static variable can change at runtime. True or false?  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

12.       Which of the following access modifiers doesn't work with a static variable?          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            default
            public
            private
            protected
            friendly (*)

13.       How is it possible for overloading to work?   Mark for Review
(1) Points
            Java Virtual Machine searches until it finds a constructor name and argument type match. (*)
            The interpreter doesn't care what you name your constructors.
            The code has to be declared as private.
            There is no such thing as overloading.

14.       Which of the following could be a reason to return an object?          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            Because you wish to be able to use that object inside of the method.
            It has faster performance than returning a primitive type.
            The method makes changes to the object and you wish to continue to use the updated object outside of the method. (*)
            None of the above. It is not possible to return an object.

15.       Identify the error(s) in the class below. Choose all that apply
 Mark for Review
(1) Points
            Final cannot be used as an access modifier.
            No method named min is defined. (*)
            Private cannot be used as an access modifier.
            Two methods cannot have the same name.
            The parameters must be the same for all methods with the same name.

1.         Following good programming guidelines, what access modifier should be used for the class fields in the following situation?

A car insurance company wants to create a class named Customer that stores all data for a specified customer including the fields: vehicle information, policy information, and a credit card number.      Mark for Review
(1) Points
            public
            protected
            private (*)
            default
            All of the above

2.         Identify the error(s) in the class below. Choose all that apply
 Mark for Review
(1) Points
            No method named min is defined. (*)
            The parameters must be the same for all methods with the same name.
            Final cannot be used as an access modifier.
            Two methods cannot have the same name.
            Private cannot be used as an access modifier.

3.         Which segment of code represents a correct way to call a variable argument method counter that takes in integers as its variable argument parameter?           Mark for Review
(1) Points
            counter(String a, int b);
            counter(int[] numbers);
            counter("one","two",String[] nums);
            counter(1, 5, 8, 17, 11000005); (*)

4.         The return value of a method can only be a primitive type and not an object. True or false?            Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

5.         All objects, in Java, are created using int. True or false?        Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

6.         Which of the following is true?          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            Instance variable names may only contain letters and digits.
            int is the name of a class available in the package java.lang.
            In Java, a method declared public generates a compilation error.
            The more comments in a program, the faster the program runs.
            A class always has a constructor (possibly automatically supplied by the java compiler). (*)

7.         If an abstract class does not have implemented constructors or methods, it should be implemented as an interface instead. True or false?     Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

8.         What allows Java to correctly and automatically determine which method to invoke based on the type of object being referred to at the time the method is called? Mark for Review
(1) Points
            Inheritance
            Dynamic Method Dispatch (*)
            Polymorphism
            Abstract classes

9.         What is the Java keyword final used for in a program?         Mark for Review
(1) Points
            It terminates the program.
            It permits redefining methods of a parent class inside the child class, with the same name, parameters, and return type.
            It restricts a class from being extendable and restricts methods from being overridden. (*)
            It permits access to the class variables and methods from anywhere.
            There is no such keyword in Java.

10.       Which of the following correctly defines a superclass (or parent class)?       Mark for Review
(1) Points
            A class that inherits methods and fields from a more general class.
            A keyword that allows or restricts access to data and methods.
            The most specific class of a hierarchy system of classes.
            A class that passes down its methods to more specialized classes. (*)

11.       It is possible for a subclass to be a superclass. True or false? Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

12.       Which of the following correctly describes an "is-a" relationship?    Mark for Review
(1) Points
            It restricts access to a specified segment of code.
            A programming philosophy that promotes simpler, more efficient coding by using exiting code for new applications.
            A helpful term used to conceptualize the relationships among nodes or leaves in an inheritance hierarchy. (*)
            A programming philosophy that promotes protecting data and hiding implementation in order to preserve the integrity of data and methods.

13.       Static methods can write to instance variables. True or false?           Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

14.       Static classes can't return instances of the parent class when the parent class uses a private constructor. True or false?  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

15.       Static classes can have different access specifiers than the parent class. True or false?         Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

1.         According to the following class declaration, runSpeed can be modified in class Cat. True or false

public class Tiger extends Cat{
public int runSpeed;
}          Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

2.         If a variable in a superclass is private, could it be directly accessed or modified by a subclass? Why or why not?         Mark for Review
(1) Points
            No. A private variable can only be modified by the same class with which it is declared regardless of its inheritance. (*)
            No. Nothing inherited by the super class can be changed in the subclass.
            Yes. Any variable passed through inheritance can be changed, but private methods cannot.
            Yes. A subclass inherits full access to all contents of its super class.

3.         It is possible to extend a class that already exists in Java, such as the Applet class. True or false?   Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

4.         If the return type from a method is boolean then 2.5 is a valid return value. True or false?  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

5.         The following statement compiles and executes. What do you know for certain?

tree.grows(numFeet);  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            tree must be a method.
            grows must be the name of a method. (*)
            numFeet must be an int.
            tree must be the name of the class.
            grows must be the name of an instance field.

6.         A constructor must have the same name as the class where it is declared. True or false?      Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

7.         If a class is immutable then it must be abstract. True or false?           Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

8.         Which of the following is a goal of the object model?           Mark for Review
(1) Points
                                    (Choose all correct answers)  
            Data abstraction. (*)
            Protecting information and limiting other classes' ability to change or corrupt data. (*)
            Providing modular code that can be reused by other programs or classes. (*)
            Concealing implementation. (*)

9.         Identify the step (s) in creating a Triangle Applet that displays two triangles.          Mark for Review
(1) Points
                                    (Choose all correct answers)  
            Draw the triangle using the inherited fillPolygon method. (*)
            Draw the 2nd triangle using the inherited fillPolygon method. (*)
            Extend Applet class to inherit all methods including paint. (*)
            Override the paint method to include the triangles. (*)
            Run and compile your code. (*)

10.       How is it possible for overloading to work?   Mark for Review
(1) Points
            The code has to be declared as private.
            There is no such thing as overloading.
            The interpreter doesn't care what you name your constructors.
            Java Virtual Machine searches until it finds a constructor name and argument type match. (*)

11.       A team is working on a coding project. They desire that all portions of their code should have access to the classes that they write. What access modifier should be used for each class?     Mark for Review
(1) Points
            public (*)
            protected
            private
            default
            All of the above

12.       It is possible to overload a method that is not a constructor. True or False?  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True (*)
            False

13.       A static variable is always publicly available. True or false?  Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

14.       Static methods can read instance variables. True or false?     Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

15.       Static classes can exist as stand alone classes. True or false? Mark for Review
(1) Points
            True
            False (*)

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